Valve for internal-combustion engines



Aug. 7, 1928.

W. C. GRAY VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Feb. 5, 1926INVENTOH:

ATTORNEYS.

Patented Aug. 7, 1928.

r EH6.

WILLI G. GBAY, on rn nnnnrii nrn; rnnnsrnvmvia, ASSIGNQB on ONE-HALF 'roW IAM GQLDSTEIN, on rrrI anELrnra, PENNSYLVANIA.

A V non rn rnananconsnsrron ENGINES.

Application filed February My invention relates to a novel constructionof a valve forzinternal combustion'eln gines, which is capable of usewithL head, overhead or other type of valve operating devices, my novelvalve comprising an imperf'o-rate piston,*which is'reciprocable in atubular extension preferably cast on the upper portion of the-enginecylinder and provided with ports which are opened and closed at theproper intervals, there being two valves, as an i let and exhaust valvefor each cylinder; In the conventional type of poppet valves nowgenerally employed, there is always more or less noise present onaccount of thel impact'of the valve upon its seat, and in addition verypowerful springs are required poppet valves t the proper periods. inaddition oppet valves of the above character soon'become fouled withcarbon, so that in order to attain the best results it is'necessary forthe valve seats of valves of this general character to be frequentlyreground.

my present invention wherein the pairs of imperforate valves slide intubular open ended, ported housings or valve guides whlch are preferablycast on the tops of the engine cylinders, I provide a novel valvularconstruction, which is noiseless in operation, which cannot-becomefouled with carbon and wherein I am enabled to employ springs of a verymoderate tension. In my novel construction of cylindrical valve nopressure is exerted against the wearing surface of the valve or its seatand-its design further prevents any deleterious accumulation of foreignmatter or carbon. 1

To the above ends, my invention consists of a novelconstru'ction ofcylindrical valve, slidable in a ported tubular extension or housing,whereby I? am enahled'to produce a silently operating valve, which "doesnot require grindingor removal of-carbon and which does not require theuse heavy' springs of the character commonly employed on poppet valvesnow in use.

it further consists of other novel features of construction andadvantage, all as will be hereinafter fully set forth and pointed out inthe specification and claim appended hereto; v

For the purpose of illustrating my invention I have shown in theaccompanying drawings severalforms thereof which are at in order to seatthese 5, less. Serial No. 86,168.

present preferred by me, since the same have beenfound in practice togive satisfactory and reliable results, although it is to be understoodthat the various instrumentalities of which my invention consists can bevariously arranged and organized and that my invention is not limited tothe precise arrangement and organization of the instrumentalities asherein shown and described.

Figure 1, represents a'plan view of the top of a cylii'ider blockprovided with valves embodying my invention, three of said cylinderswith their inletand exhaust valves being shown.

Figure 2, represents a vertical section on line 22, Fig. 1, said sectionbeing taken through an inlet valve, and certain of the parts being shownin elevation.

Figure 3, represents, a vertical sect-ion on line 33 of 1, the sectionbeing taken through an exhaust valve, and certain of the parts beingshown in elevation. Figure 4, represents a vertical section on line HFig, 1, showing the arrangement of the inlet and exhaust valves andtheir adjuncts Similar numerals of reference indicatev correspondingparts. 7

1 designates an engine cylinder of an internal combustion engine havinga water jacket 2 and the piston 3 which actuates the block is machined,so that the head 7 can fit accurately thereon,said head being providedwith the water jacket 8, the horizontal top wall 9 and the pendantvertical outer wall 10, which two latter walls inclose my novel valvemechanism. It will be understood that my novel valve mechanism can beapplied to a four, six, eight or any multi-cylinder engine and saidcylinders can be cast en bloc or can be arranged to stand vertically orinclined or in line or may be oppositely disposed if desired. In thepresent invention I have shown in Fig. 1 but three cylinders,each beingprovided with my novel inlet and exhaust valves, but it will beunderstood that my novel invention is equally applicable to any multiplecylinder internal combustion engine.

At the side of each engine cylinder 1 cast ber 11 for the incoming fuel,each inlet chamber being separated from the adjacent elongated exhaustchamber 12, by partitions v 13, as will be understood from Figs. 1 and4. 14 designates. the bottom wall of inlet chambers 11 from each ofwhich extends upbranches 30, which wardly the valve rod inlet valve rod16 reciprocates.

upper end of the inlet valve rod 16 the cylindrical inlet piston valve17, which reciprocates in the tubular open ended extension, housing orcasing 18, which is provided with the ports 19, the lower end of thebore 20 of said valve housing, communicating at all times with saidchamber 11. The inlet valve 17 is in, the form of'a cylinderreciprocable in the bore 20 of thein- .tegral, tubular, extension 18.The inlet valve rod 16 is threaded at its lower portion as at 22 andcarries a nut 21 and a washer 23, against the top of which abuts thebottom of thespring 24, the upper end of said spring abutting on thebottom of the parti- Upon the is secured tion 14. The lower end of theinlet valve' rod 16 is guided in a suitable bushlng or stufling box 25,and carries at 1ts lower end a roller 26,, which bears upon the cam 27fast on the cam shaft 28, as will be understood from Fig. 2. The fuel isintroduced into the inlet chamber 11 by'means of the inlet manifold 29,which isprovided with communicate with the inlet chambers 11 as will, beunderstood from figs. 1 and 2. The-construction of the ex.-

haust piston valves 31, exhaust valve rods 32, the open ended tubularextensions 33 having the ports 34, the exhaust valve rod guide 35, thespring 36 therefor, the cam shaft 28 with its cam 38, the roller 39 andthe guide or stuffing box 40, seen in Fig. 3, is substan- V .tially thesame as already'described with reter is constructed so as to ,the intakemanifold 29-. r 50 place, the piston spect to Fig. 2.

31 controls the exhaust ports 34, which permit the exhaust to flow intothe exhaust chamber 12, and. thence through the nipples 41 into theexhaust manifold 42 which latsurround and heat The spark plugs 43 are ofthe usual construction as their function is well. known, it'is notnecessary to describe them in detail. The cam shaft-28 can be rotated byany suitable or conventional mechanism and it will be apparent fromFig:- 2 that when the inlet piston valve is'inits uppermost positionseen therein, that'the fuel has entered the inlet chamber 11, and passedthence. through the ports 19 to the explosion chamber in the upper endof the cylinder and the explosion having taken 3 has been drivendownwardly into the position seen in Fig. 2

During the period of-said explosion and haust piston valve 31 guide 15,in which the 1 The exhaust piston valve ports 34, the exhaust chamber12,'the nipple 41 and the exhaust manifold 42 The tiIning of the valves'17 and 31 can-be readily adjusted so that said valves may open and closeat slightly differentpredetermined periods, as 1s ev1dent,.;and' as thegeneral mode of operation of enginesof thisgeneral characterlswellfknown, the operation-need not be described in greater detail. 1Since the i i As the piston 3 begins to ascend from V bore of'thetubular extensions 18 andes aligns with the bore of'thevalverrod guides'15 and 35, it will'be apparentthat when-the their adjuncts can bereadily assembled in position. As there is no. pounding or ham? meringpresent duringthe 'recipro'cationi of the inlet valve 17 and the:exhaust valve 31 it will be apparent thatthe action of-said s5 7 head 7is removed thevalves 17 and '31 and valves is noiseless and that thereisno opportunity for said valves or to be fouled bycarbon de osits. Thesprin s 24and 36-which control t e movement of t e inlet and exhaustvalves 17 and 31 need have their adjuncts only a slight tensionsuflicienttopvercome friction as no pressure is exerted against wearingsurfaces of the valves-or their seats which are cylindrical 1n form. Thevalves are so constructedsthat their design prevents the accumulationofforeignmatter in carbon or other form thereon. It is further ob viousthat there is no necessity at any time for grinding thezvalves ortheirseats as is.

necessary at frequent intervals in thecase of poppet valves now in use.o i c It will be evident that parts ofengines of various conventionaltypes can; be readily mad-e to include my'novel valve design duringmachining or a completed engine can at small expense be modified toreceive my novel valve mechanism. H The tubularv open. ended inlet andexhaust valve housings 18 and 33 are collocated in. pairs,fas will beunderstood from, Figs. 1 and 4,- andthe pendant walls 43", which arecarried by the head '7,

contact with the machined top' 6 as seen in Fig. 4 and isolate each pairof piston valves" 17 and 31 from the other-pairsof'valves. The openendedtubular extensions or housings 18 and 33 are preferably castintegral upon the top of the cylinders, but may ob- As will be apparentfrom Figure 2' in a viously be secured thereto by other means.

preferred embodiment of myinvention I' construct the lower end of therod 16 so that it has threaded with the yoke 44- whereby the inlet valveengagement distance be tween the valve and the camshaft. can be ad- 12o1 hasthe same justed according to requirements, the lock nut 45 servingto lock the rod and the yoke in the desired fixed positionafteradjusting. The exhaust valve rod 32 is likewise thread ed at its lowerend as indicated at 46 so that it can be a'djustably secured to the yoke47, the parts are in their desired adjusted position being locked by thelock nut 48 which function as the lock nutl5.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is 1 In a device of the character stated, anengine cylinder, an inlet chamber and an exp air haust chamber at theside thereof, tubular,

open ended inlet and exhaust Valve housings integral with said cylinderand located above said chambers'and at their bottom in communicationtherewith, and each having a of opposed side ports opening into theexplosion chamber of said cylinder, imperforate inlet and exhaust pistonvalves reciprocable in said valve housings, means for reciprocating saidvalves, and a head for said cylinder having pendant walls for isolatinga pair of said valves from an adjacent Pall;

WILLIAM G. GRAY.

